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_______________________ is useful in measuring refractive errors in patients under 20 years old.
_________________________________is generally the initial step in refractometry.
Retinoscopy is sometimes referred to as:
A___________________________________occurs when a light beam passes through the optical system of the eye and is reflected back by the patient’s retina
The most commonly used retinscopes require the sleeve to be __________________ to achieve the plano mirror effect.
The hyperopic eye usually causes the retinoscopic reflex to move in the______________________ when a plano lens is used.
The myopic eye usually causes the retinoscopic reflex to move in the______________________ wshen a plano lens is used.
When there is no apparent movement of the reflex and the pupil is filled with a red glow, it is known as the:
During retinoscopy and neutralization the examiner selects various lenses to introduce before the patient’s eyes by means of a:
“Optical infinity” is considered to be at least _____________feet.
_________________________________is generally the second step in refractometry.
Refinement is sometimes referred to as:
Refinement is not possible with_________________________:
The _____________________________is a common refinement instrument used to confirm the axis and power of a correcting cylindrical lens
________________________________helps ensure that the optical correction for distance vision does not include and an uneven overcorrection or undercorrection for the two eyes.
________________________is a balancing technique which involves adding plus spheres to the end-point refractive correction
Visual acuity refers to:
When measuring visual acuity, the distance of 20 feet is used because:
Snellen optotypes are:
In the Snellen acuity recording 20/100 , the number 100 represents:
The _______________________test can confirm the possibility that below normal visual acuity is the result of refractive error.
The_________________________ is performed is the patient complains that reading or other close work is difficult or if there is reason to believe the patient’s ability to accommodate is insufficient or impaired.
______________________________measures a patient’s distance vision by testing the ability to read characters at a standard distance