Pediatric Vision Disorders
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Course
Introduction
This course
covers pediatric vision disorders which may be encountered by professional
opticians in the course of their day to day activities. This information
can help them understand the needs and communicate more effectively
with their young patients and their parents, and the prescribing practitioner
as well. Amblyopia, sometimes called "lazy eye," is loss of vision without
any apparent disease of they eye. It usually occurs in childhood and
affects approximately 2 or 3 out of 100 people. When one eye develops
good vision while the other does not, the eye with poorer vision is
called amblyopic. Since the best time to correct amblyopia is during
infancy or early childhood. Parents and eyecare professionals must be
aware of this potential problem. The course begins with a discussion
of amblyopia and some of its possible causes such as anisometropia,
strabismus, cataracts, and ptosis. Since congenital cataracts can be
the cause of the most severe forms of childhood amblyopia, this subject
is covered in greater length. And since strabismus is the most common
cause of amblyopia, that subject, too, is given special attention. Treating
amblyopia is also covered which includes the use of spectacle or contact
lens for the correction of anisometropia or aphakia, surgery in cases
involving strabismus or ptosis, and patching to help restore good vision
to the affected ambylopic eye. Increasing numbers of children are participating
in sports at an early age. It is the responsibility of the parents,
coaches and eyecare professionals to provide protective eyewear and
enforce its use. This course covers eye safety for children in home,
school and while participating in sports. The course continues with
the subject of vision and reading and discusses children's problems
with reading, learning, and behavior caused by convergence insufficiency,
tracking problems, esophoria, exophoria and other visual problems. It
discusses the role of visual training as a solution to learning disability
issues. Contact lenses can provide children with many of the same optical
advantages as they do adults. These include better peripheral vision,
less distortion, and less troublesome image size differences. Contact
lenses can eliminate the unwanted prismatic effects of spectacles, and
the hyperopic patient will experience a decreased accommodative demand
when using contact lenses. Since contact lenses can provide a viable
solution for certain childhood vision disorders covered in this course,
the subject of contact lenses for children concludes this course.
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